These factors can be either dependent or independent of each other when comes to the concrete strength. The strength of the concrete can be more correctly related to this ratio. Factors affecting tensile results; Principles of Tensile Testing; Tearing Strength. There are three types of graded aggregate Gap Graded Aggregate, Poorly graded aggregate and Well-graded aggregate.Well-graded aggregate contains all size of particles of aggregate. The water-cement ratio is one of the most important factors affecting strength of concrete.

NPTEL provides E-learning through online Web and Video courses various streams. cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates (sand), and water.The whole world wishes their structure to be strong and durable and for that, they always design their structure according to the desired strength and service. When the water cement ratio is less than 0.4, there is improper consistency and workability of the cement and honeycombed structure.With an increase in the cement to aggregate ratio, the ultimate strength will increase to some extent.

The primary factor that has a higher influence on the strength of the concrete is the mix design factors. Strength gives an overall indication of quality of concrete; as it is directly related to the lifelong performance of the concrete structure. Curing of Concrete. Sudden temperature changes create a thermal gradient, which causes cracking and spalling of concrete.
Compaction of concrete increases the density of the concrete because it is the process in which air voids are removed from freshly placed concrete which makes the concrete compact and dense. The strength at 28 days = (28); The strength at 7 days = (7) It’s the most important factor for concrete mix. NPTEL provides E-learning through online Web and Video courses various streams. Strength of Concrete With Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Composite Cements: Download Aggregates are the key factors that will affect the impact strength of the concrete under aggressive load condition. The maximum strength is derived at w/c = 0.4. So that, they have a less amount of voids. In rapid loading, the load resistance is better than the slow loading.The strength development of concrete depends on both time and the temperature.

Here, x = gel space ratio, the intrinsic strength of the gel in MPa is given by 240. It produced cracks in concrete.With the certain degree of temperature increase, the rate of hydration process increases in it which, it gains strength rapidly. At low rates of loading, there is more time for creep to occur so that the increase of strength with the rate of loading provides. The maturity of the concrete is helpful in estimating the strength of the concrete at any other maturity as a percentage of the strength of concrete at full maturity.Weather condition also affects the strength of concrete due to different reasons. Weather condition also affects the strength of concrete due to different reasons. The use of larger size aggregates leads to higher strength i.e larger the size, lower will be the surface area and the water requirement is lower. The primary factor that has a higher influence on the strength of the concrete is the mix design factors. Too much water leads to segregation and voids in concrete. Inadequate compaction leading to air void content of 5% and 10% results in a loss of strength of 30% and 55% respectively. It produced With the certain degree of temperature increase, the rate of hydration process increases in it which, it gains strength rapidly.

As we can see in the above chart, even at the same water/cement ratio strength is different with different compaction accuracies. Concrete is made up of various ingredients, and of course all of them have different role. Hydration process is the chemical reaction of water and cement. As shown in the chart below when the w/c ratio is increased the strength of concrete gets decreased and when w/c ratio is decreased then the strength of concrete increases.Compaction of concrete increases the density of the concrete because it is the process in which air voids are removed from freshly placed concrete which makes the concrete compact and dense. In the case of lean mixes, the larger aggregates will give higher strength.The gel-space ratio can be defined as the ratio of the volume of the hydrated cement paste to the sum of the volumes of the hydrated cement and the capillary pores. Depending on the water-cement ratio, the compressive strength is defined in the mix designs. Most of the factors are interrelated in certain means.

So that, they have a less amount of voids. Sudden temperature changes create a thermal gradient, which causes cracking and spalling of concrete. The ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement is called Water/Cement ratio. Therefore, the strength of concrete increases with its age. Generally, the water/cement ratio of 0.45 to 0.60 is used. In cold climate, exterior concrete is subjected to repeated freezing and thawing action due to the sudden change in weather.

When the water cement ratio is less than 0.4, there is improper consistency and workability of the cement and honeycombed structure. The lower w/c ratio leads the higher strength of concrete. A rounded spherical shaped aggregate when compacted contains fewer voids than an irregular and flaky aggregate of the same nominal size. She has 3-years’ experience in teaching at college of Engineering. The relationship between the strength and the gel-space ratio is independent of the age.8- Effect of Size of Maximum Size of Aggregates on the strength The strength of the concrete can be measured with the different test that are conducted on it such as, Apart from the above tests there are various factors that can also affects the strength of the concrete, highlights of those factors are described below:The ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement is called Water/Cement ratio.


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